Commonly Used Buffers

 Protein   Subunit molecular weight pI   Protein   Subunit molecular  weight  pI  
 Myosin, heavy chain (rabbit muscle) 2056,45, 6,7   Carbonic anhydrase (bovine erythrocytes) 30,05,85
 â-Galactosidase  1164,4 Trypsinogen, PMSF-treated  24,09,3
 Phosphorylase b (rabbit muscle) 97,46,3 Trypsin inhibitor (soybean)  20,04,55
 Bovine serum albumin  674,9 â-Lactoglobulin  18,45,2
 Catalase  57,56,7 Myoglobin (sperm whale)  16,86,8, 7,2  
 Ovalbumin  54,7, 4,9   Lysozyme (hen egg white)  14,311
 Aldolase  408,9 á-Lactalbumin  14,24,4
 Pepsin  34,72,8 to 4,03        

Molecular Weights and pl Values of Common Protein Standards

 Buffer   Stock  solution  Components   Amount   Conc. in to use* solution  Final conc. stock in 1X solution 
 PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline)  10X   NaCl   80g   1,37M   137mM  
      KCl   2g   27mM   2,7mM  
      Na2HPO4 7H2O (sodium phosphate dibasic)   11,5g   43mM   4,3mM  
     KH2PO4 (potassium phosphate monobasic)  2g   14mM   1,4mM
pH is 7,3 
 SSC (Saline–Sodium Citrate)  20X   NaCl   175g   3M   150mM  
      Na3C6H5O7 2H2O (sodium citrate)  88g
Adjust pH of stock to 7,0 
Adjust pH to 7,5 		 0,3M   15mM  
 TAE (Tris–Acetate–EDTA)    50X   Tris base   242g   2M (Tris Acetate)   40mM  
     Acetic acid, glacial   57,1mL      
     0,5M EDTA, pH 8,0   37,2g   0,1M   2mM  
       pH of stock is 8,5      
 TBE   10X   Tris base   108g   0,89M   89mM  
 (Tris–Borate–     Boric acid   55g   0,89M   89mM  
 EDTA)     0,5M EDTA, pH 8,0   40mL   20mM   2mM  
 TE  (Tris–EDTA)  1X   Tris base   1,2g   10mM   10mM  
     0,5M EDTA, pH 8,0   2mL   1mM
Adjust pH to 7,4, 7,5, or 8,0  		 1mM  

* Amounts given are to make 1L of stock solution.

Approximate pH Values for Various Concentrations of Stock Solutions

  Reagent  1N  0,1N  0,01N  0,001N 
  Acetic acid  2,402,903,403,90
  Hydrochloric acid0,101,072,023,01
  Sulfuric acid0,301,202,10 
  Citric acid    2,102,60  
  Ammonium hydroxide   11,8011,3010,8010,30
  Sodium hydroxide14,0513,0712,1211,13
  Sodium bicarbonate   8,40  
  Sodium carbonate    11,5011,00  

SDS-PAGE Stock Solutions

Stock SolutionsCatalogue NoAmount to useSpecial instructions
30% Acrylamide/0.8% Bis-Acrylamide
 Acrylamide1   BPE170   30,0g  Filter stock solution through a 0,45ìm to 100mL filter and store at 4°C in the dark.
Discard after thirty days as acrylamide gradually hydrolyzes to acrylic acid and ammonia
 Bis-Acrylamide   BPE171   0,8g  
 H2O   —    
4x Tris•Cl, pH 6.8 (0.5M Tris•Cl)
 Tris Base   BPE152   6,05g  Dissolve Tris Base in 40mL H2O, then adjust pH to 6,8 with 1N HCl.
Add H2O to 100mL total volume.
Filter through a 0,45ìm filter store at 4°C.
 H2O   —   40mL  
 1N HCl   —   as needed  
 H2O   —   to 100mL  
4x Tris•Cl, pH 8.8 (1.5M Tris•Cl)
 Tris Base   BPE152   91g  Dissolve Tris Base in 300mL H2O, then adjust pH to 8,8 with 1N HCl.
Add H2O to 500mL total volume.
Filter through a 0,45ìm filter store at 4°C. 
 H2O   —   300mL  
 1N HCl   —   as needed  
 H2O   —   to 500mL  
      
10% SDS
 SDS   BPE166   50g   —  
 H2O   —   to 500mL    

1- Caution: Acrylamide monomer is neurotoxic. Wear gloves while handling, and do not pipet by mouth.