iNOS Polyclonal Antibody, Invitrogen™

Description

PA1-036 detects inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) from human, mouse and rat tissues and cells as well as recombinant human and mouse iNOS. This antibody does not detect other NOS isoforms. PA1-036 has been successfully used in Western blot and immunofluorescence procedures. By Western blot, this antibody detects an ∽135 kDa protein representing mouse iNOS from LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The PA1-036 immunogen is a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues D(17) L K E E K D I N N N V K K T(31) of mouse iNOS.

iNOS (Inducible Nitric oxide, NO, NOS) is an inorganic, gaseous free radical that carries a variety of messages between cells. Vasorelaxation, neurotransmission and cytotoxicity can all be potentiated through cellular response to NO. NO production is mediated by members of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family. iNOS is expressed in liver and inducible by a combination of lipopolysaccharide and certain cytokines. NOS catalyzes the oxidization of L-arginine to produce L-citrulline and NO. Two constitutive isoforms, brain or neuronal NOS (b or nNOS, type I) and endothelial cell NOS (eNOS, type III), and one inducible isoform (iNOS, type II), have been cloned. All NOS isoforms contain calmodulin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) binding domains. iNOS is found in a variety of cell types including macrophages, hepatocytes, synoviocytes, and smooth muscle cells. Cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 and -2, and lipopolysaccarides (LPS) cause an increase in iNOS mRNA, protein, and activity levels. Protein kinase C-stimulating agents exhibit the same effect on iNOS activity. After cytokine induction, iNOS exhibits a delayed activity response which is then followed by a significant increase in NO production over a long period of time. Three related iNOS pseudogenes are located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. Diseases associated with iNOS dysfunction include achalasia and impotence.

Abbreviations: AP=Affinity Purification, ChIP=Chromatin IP, CM=Confocal Microscopy, DB=Dot Blot, EIA=ELISA, EM=Electron Microscopy, FC=Flow Cytometry, GS=Gel Supershift, IC=Immunocytochemistry, IF=Immunofluorescence, IH=Immunohistology/Immunohistochemistry, IP=Immunoprecipitation, IPK=IP Kinase Assay, KA=Kinase Assay, NEUT=Neutralization, PIA=Peptide Inhibition Assay, RIA=Radioimmunossay, TCA=T Cell Activation, WB=Western Blotting, Species: Am=Amphibian, Av=Avian, B=Bovine, Ca=Cat ,Ck=Chicken, D=Dog, Dr=Deer, Ds=Drosophila, El=Elk, Fg=Frog, Fs=Fish, Ft=Ferret, G=Goat, Gp=Guinea Pig, H=Horse, Hm=Hamster, Hu=Human, K=Kangaroo, Ms=Mouse, Nhp=Non-Human Primate, O=Ovine, P=Porcine, Rb=Rabbit, Rp=Reptile, Rt=Rat, Ys=Yeast, Xn=Xenopus, (wk)=cross reacts weakly